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You learned a bit about neutralization reactions on the Properties, Reactions, and Definitions page, but lets review. Here's the list of neutralization reactions:
You learned a bit about neutralization reactions on the Properties, Reactions, and Definitions page, but lets review. Here's the list of neutralization reactions:
Acids:
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Bases and Alkalis:
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But here's a new question: What's a salt?
Salt is an inorganic compound formed during neutralization (its always neutral).
The salt families include: Chlorides, bromides, iodides, sulphates, and nitrates.
Sulphuric acid would form sulphates, nitric acid would form nitrates, and so on. So what does this look like in a neutralization reaction?
The salt families include: Chlorides, bromides, iodides, sulphates, and nitrates.
Sulphuric acid would form sulphates, nitric acid would form nitrates, and so on. So what does this look like in a neutralization reaction?
Well, lets look at an example.
If you have Sulfuric Acid + Magnesium, what's the product?
Magnesium is a metal, and sulfuric acid is an acid, so the neutralization reaction must be Acid + Metal --> Salt + Hydrogen Gas.
Now we just need to figure out what kind of salt it is. Because the reactant is sulfuric acid, it must be in the sulphate family. The first name of the salt will come from the other reactant (in this case, magnesium). Therefore, the salt will be called Magnesium Sulphate.
So heres the reaction:
Sulfuric Acid + Magnesium --> Magnesium Sulphate + Hydrogen Gas
Lets try another.
If you have Calcium Hydroxide + Sulfuric Acid, what's the product?
Calcium Hydroxide is an alkali (we know this because of the word "hydroxide"), and sulfuric acid is an acid, so the neutralization reaction must be Acid + Alkali --> Salt + Water.
Now we just need to figure out what kind of salt it is. Because the reactant is sulfuric acid, it must be in the sulphate family. The other reactant is Calcium Hydroxide, so the salt will take the name Calcium Sulphate.
So heres the reaction:
Calcium Hydroxide + Sulfuric Acid --> Calcium Sulphate + Water
Just one more example! (with the molecular formula this time)
If you have 2HCl + CaCO3, whats the product?
HCl is an acid, and CaCO3 is a carbonate (CO3 means carbonate), so this is an Acid + Carbonate --> Salt + Water + CO2 reaction. Because a reactant is hydrochloric acid, the salt will be in the chloride family. CaCO3 is a calcium carbonate, so the salt will be called Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) . Therefore, the products will be CaCl2 + H2O + CO2.
So heres the reaction:
Hydrochloric Acid + Calcium Carbonate --> Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide
2HCl + CaCO3 --> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
And thats all there is to it!
If you have Sulfuric Acid + Magnesium, what's the product?
Magnesium is a metal, and sulfuric acid is an acid, so the neutralization reaction must be Acid + Metal --> Salt + Hydrogen Gas.
Now we just need to figure out what kind of salt it is. Because the reactant is sulfuric acid, it must be in the sulphate family. The first name of the salt will come from the other reactant (in this case, magnesium). Therefore, the salt will be called Magnesium Sulphate.
So heres the reaction:
Sulfuric Acid + Magnesium --> Magnesium Sulphate + Hydrogen Gas
Lets try another.
If you have Calcium Hydroxide + Sulfuric Acid, what's the product?
Calcium Hydroxide is an alkali (we know this because of the word "hydroxide"), and sulfuric acid is an acid, so the neutralization reaction must be Acid + Alkali --> Salt + Water.
Now we just need to figure out what kind of salt it is. Because the reactant is sulfuric acid, it must be in the sulphate family. The other reactant is Calcium Hydroxide, so the salt will take the name Calcium Sulphate.
So heres the reaction:
Calcium Hydroxide + Sulfuric Acid --> Calcium Sulphate + Water
Just one more example! (with the molecular formula this time)
If you have 2HCl + CaCO3, whats the product?
HCl is an acid, and CaCO3 is a carbonate (CO3 means carbonate), so this is an Acid + Carbonate --> Salt + Water + CO2 reaction. Because a reactant is hydrochloric acid, the salt will be in the chloride family. CaCO3 is a calcium carbonate, so the salt will be called Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) . Therefore, the products will be CaCl2 + H2O + CO2.
So heres the reaction:
Hydrochloric Acid + Calcium Carbonate --> Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide
2HCl + CaCO3 --> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
And thats all there is to it!